Autism is a neurodevelopmental disorder. The exact cause of autism is unknown. But early intervention leads to a better prognosis for the child.

KEY FEATURES

• Lack of eye contact and social smile
• No turn-taking in play, prefer solitary play
• Easily disturbed by the change in routine
• Have sensory issues which make daily activities like brushing, cutting hair and nails
• Difficulty progressing from semi-solid to a solid diet, can be a pricky eater, prefers certain textures and tastes.

LANGUAGE CHARACTERISTICS

• Do not understand simple commands by 1 yr of age
• Do not speak meaningful words by 1.6 yrs of age
• Know their ABCs, shapes, colors but are unable to use true words for communication purpose
• Lack of interest or motivation to communicate
• Communication is need-based
• Selective attention to music, rhymes, or ads but no response to their name

KEY MARKERS

• There can be a regression in social and language skills between 1.6 to 2.6 yrs of age
• Excess screen time can contribute to increased severity of autism
  
  

INTERVENTION

• Speech-language therapy improves the child’s ability to understand and use language, also helps parents improve the child’s motivation for communication.
• Occupational therapy works on the child’s sensory issues thereby improving attention, sitting tolerance, and overall cognition
• Swallowing therapy will improve a child’s ability to chew, progress to eating solid textures, and accept different varieties of food.